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Author(s): Jennifer Franke , Nina Wunderlich , Horst Sievert Added: 3 years ago
As an intra-cardiac right-to-left shunt, the patent foramen ovale (PFO) has gained attention over the last two decades because of its potential pathological importance in a number of disease processes including stroke, peripheral embolism, systemic oxygen desaturation (i.e. hypoxaemia) and migraine headaches. Percutaneous PFO closure, using a double-umbrella Clamshell device (Bard, USCI,… View more

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
Patent Foramen Ovale Closure in 2019
Author(s): Joel P Giblett , Omar Abdul-Samad , Leonard M Shapiro , et al Added: 3 years ago
Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a common abnormality, occurring in 20–34% of the population.1 In the majority of infants, closure of the foramen ovale occurs soon after birth, as negative intrathoracic pressure associated with the first breaths closes the PFO. In some cases, the primum and secundum atrial septa fail to fuse and closure remains incomplete. There is continuing communication between… View more

Vascular Disease and Surgery

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
Patent Foramen Ovale Closure: State of the Art
Author(s): Joel P Giblett , Lynne K Williams , Stephen Kyranis , et al Added: 3 years ago
Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is common and occurs in 20–34% of the population.1 In most infants, the foramen ovale closes soon after birth, with a reduction in pulmonary vascular resistance raising the left atrial pressure above that of the right atrium during the first few breaths, closing the septum. In a significant proportion of individuals, the primum and secundum atrial septa do not fuse, and… View more

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
PFO-associated Stroke and COVID-19 Vaccination
Author(s): Maja Rojko , Natasa Cernic Suligoj , Metka Zorc , et al Added: 1 year ago

Heterogeneous Populations

COVID-19
Author(s): Antonio L Bartorelli , Claudio Tondo Added: 3 years ago
On average, every 20 seconds someone in the US1 or in Europe2 has a stroke. This adds up to a total of about 1.7 million strokes per year in these two continents, affecting about 0.22% of the population each year. In the US alone, every four minutes someone dies from stroke, yielding a total mortality of about 140,000 deaths per year. As a result, stroke is the world’s third leading cause of… View more

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
Author(s): Amit Bhan , Brian Clapp Added: 3 years ago
The foramen ovale is an integral component of the fetal circulation, responsible for facilitating the flow of placental pre-xygenated venous blood from the right atrium to the left, thereby circumventing the quiescent developing lungs. Physiological closure is usually achieved after birth when pulmonary vascular resistance and right heart pressures reduce, resulting in the left atrial pressure… View more

Vascular Disease and Surgery

Standards & Guidelines
Percutaneous Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale
Author(s): Stefan Stortecky , Stephan Windecker Added: 3 years ago
Cerebrovascular events are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality and are considered the global second leading cause of death.1 The majority of strokes are ischemic, although the etiology remains unknown in a considerable number of patients,2 commonly referred to as “non-defined” or “cryptogenic.”3 Data from epidemiologic studies point towards a relevant association between the… View more

Standards & Guidelines

Prevention & Chronic Conditions
Author(s): Raquel del Valle-Fernández , Carlos E Ruiz Added: 3 years ago
The foramen ovale provides communication between both atria in utero, and although anatomical closure usually occurs in the first two years of life, it may remain patent (patent foramen ovale [PFO]) into adulthood. The autopsy prevalence of PFO was 27% among 965 otherwise normal hearts,1 and transoesophageal echocardiography detected PFO in 24.3% of 585 randomly sampled individuals.2 PFO is… View more

Intervention

Heterogeneous Populations
Michael J Mullen
Research Area(s) / Expertise: Job title: Consultant Interventional Cardiologist
Personal History Dr Mullen is a consultant cardiologist based in London, UK. Academic History Dr. Mullen completed his higher cardiology training in Sheffield, London and Toronto, Canada. He holds an MB BS from the University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and graduated with his MD from the University of London in 2001.1 Career Overview Dr Mullen is a consultant cardiologist with… View more
Author(s): James Slater , Mark Fisch Added: 3 years ago
The morphology and function of the inter-atrial septum changes dramatically from the period of in utero development until its role in normal adult cardiac physiology is established. Its anatomical construction is complex and involves the eventual formation of a septum secundum, fossa ovalis and septum primum. In utero a mixture of deoxygenated blood from the foetus and oxygenated blood from the… View more

Vascular Disease and Surgery

Prevention & Chronic Conditions